Viola

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Viola
L. 1753
Violsläktet
V. odorata, luktviol
V. odorata, luktviol
Familj Violaceae
Ordning Malpighiales
Överordning Eudicotyledonae
Underklass Angiospermae
Rike Plantae
 

Violsläktet omfattar ungefär 645 arter i familjen violväxter. Dessutom finns ett stort antal hybrider. Växterna i släktet är mestadels örter men det finns också några halvbuskar. Violer har ofta ett krypande växtsätt och ganska små blommor, upp till 3 centimeter breda. Många av dem har såväl vanliga som kleistogama blommor. Utbredningsområdet är i stora delar av världen. Många violer odlas, men då är det vanligast med hybrider och olika namnsorter.

Typart är V. odorata, luktviol.

Arter

Viola abbreviata
Viola abulensis
Viola abyssinica
Viola acanthophylla
Viola accrescens
Viola acrocerauniensis
Viola acuminata
Viola acutifolia
Viola adenothrix
Viola adunca
Viola aduncoides
Viola aethnensis
Viola aetolica - grekisk styvmorsviol
Viola affinis
Viola aizoon
Viola alaica
Viola alba - silverviol
Viola albanica
Viola albida
Viola alburnica
Viola alexandrowiana
Viola alexejana
Viola allchariensis
Viola alliariifolia
Viola allochroa
Viola alpina
Viola altaica - altajviol
Viola amamiana
Viola ambigua
Viola amiatina
Viola amurica
Viola anagae
Viola angkae
Viola angustifolia
Viola anitae
Viola annamensis
Viola appalachiensis
Viola araucaniae
Viola arborescens
Viola argentina
Viola arguta
Viola arsenica
Viola arvensis - åkerviol
Viola athois - athosviol
Viola atropurpurea
Viola aurantiaca
Viola aurata
Viola auricolor
Viola auricula
Viola austrosinensis
Viola bakeri
Viola balansae
Viola balcanica
Viola bangii
Viola banksii - murgrönsviol
Viola baoshanensis
Viola barhalensis
Viola barkalovii
Viola barroetana
Viola baxteri
Viola beamanii
Viola beati
Viola beckeriana
Viola beckiana
Viola beckwithii
Viola belophylla
Viola bertolonii
Viola betonicifolia
Viola bezdelevae
Viola bhutanica
Viola biflora - fjällviol
Viola binayensis
Viola bissetii
Viola blanda
Viola blandiformis
Viola bocquetiana
Viola boissieuana
Viola boliviana
Viola brachyceras
Viola brachypetala
Viola brachyphylla
Viola breviflora
Viola brevistipulata
Viola bridgesii
Viola brittoniana
Viola bubanii
Viola bulbosa
Viola bustillosia
Viola calabra
Viola calcarata - sporrviol
Viola calchaquiensis
Viola calcicola
Viola caleyana
Viola cameleo
Viola canadensis - kanadaviol
Viola canescens
Viola canina - ängsviol
Viola capillaris
Viola caspia
Viola cassinensis
Viola caucasica
Viola cavillieri
Viola cazorlensis - cazorla-viol
Viola cenisia - cenisviol
Viola cephalonica
Viola cerasifolia
Viola cervatiana
Viola chaerophylloides - körvelviol
Viola chalcosperma
Viola chamaedrys
Viola chamissoniana
Viola changii
Viola charlestonensis
Viola chassanica
Viola cheeseana
Viola cheiranthifolia
Viola chejuensis
Viola chelmea
Viola chiapasiensis
Viola cilentana
Viola cilicica
Viola cinerea
Viola clauseniana
Viola cleistogamoides
Viola cochranei
Viola collina - bergviol
Viola columnaris
Viola comberi
Viola commersonii
Viola communis
Viola comollia
Viola concordifolia
Viola confertifolia
Viola congesta
Viola cornuta - hornviol
Viola coronifera
Viola corralensis
Viola corsica - korsikansk viol
Viola cotyledon
Viola crassifolia
Viola crassiuscula
Viola cuatrecasasii
Viola cucullata
Viola cuicochensis
Viola culminis
Viola cuneata
Viola cunninghamii
Viola curtisiae
Viola cuspidifolia
Viola czemalensis
Viola dacica
Viola dactyloides
Viola dalatensis
Viola dandoisiorum
Viola danielae
Viola dasyphylla
Viola davidii
Viola decipiens
Viola declinata
Viola decumbens
Viola dehnhardtii
Viola delavayi
Viola delphinantha
Viola demetria
Viola denizliensis
Viola diamantiaca
Viola dichroa
Viola diffusa
Viola dimorphophylla
Viola dirimliensis
Viola dirphya
Viola disjuncta
Viola dissecta
Viola diversifolia
Viola doerfleri
Viola dombeyana
Viola domeikoana
Viola domestica
Viola douglasii
Viola dubyana - gardaviol
Viola duclouxii
Viola dukadjinica
Viola dyris
Viola ecuadorensis
Viola edulis
Viola egglestonii
Viola eizanensis - skär körvelviol
Viola elatior - storviol
Viola elegantula - bosnisk viol
Viola emarginata
Viola eminens
Viola eminii
Viola enmae
Viola epipsila - mossviol
Viola epipsiloides
Viola epirota
Viola eriocarpa
Viola ermenekensis
Viola escarapela
Viola escondidaensis
Viola etrusca
Viola euboea
Viola eugeniae
Viola evae
Viola eximia
Viola exsul
Viola falconeri
Viola farkasiana
Viola faurieana
Viola ferdinandea
Viola ferrarinii
Viola ferreyrae
Viola filicaulis
Viola fimbriatula
Viola fischeri
Viola flagelliformis
Viola flavicans
Viola flettii
Viola floridana
Viola flos-idae
Viola fluehmannii
Viola formosana
Viola forrestiana
Viola forskaalii
Viola fragrans
Viola frank-smithii
Viola friderici
Viola frigida
Viola frondosa
Viola frusinatae
Viola fruticosa
Viola fuscifolia
Viola fuscoviolacea
Viola galeanaensis
Viola ganiatsasii
Viola gaviolii
Viola gelida
Viola germainii
Viola glabella
Viola glaberrima
Viola glandularis
Viola glechomoides
Viola gmeliniana
Viola godoyae
Viola gracilis - balkanviol
Viola gracillima
Viola grahamii
Viola grandisepala
Viola granulosa
Viola grayi
Viola grisebachiana
Viola grypoceras - koreansk viol
Viola guadalupensis
Viola guangzhouensis
Viola guatemalensis
Viola guaxarensis
Viola hallii
Viola hamiltoniana
Viola hancockii
Viola hastata - spjutviol
Viola hederacea
Viola hediniana
Viola heldreichiana
Viola helena
Viola hemsleyana
Viola henriquesii
Viola henryi
Viola herzogii
Viola hieronymi
Viola hillii
Viola hirsutula
Viola hirta - buskviol
Viola hirtipes
Viola hispida
Viola hissarica
Viola hondoensis
Viola hookeri
Viola hookeriana
Viola howellii
Viola huesoensis
Viola huidobrii
Viola hultenii
Viola humilis
Viola hybanthoides
Viola hymettia
Viola ilvensis
Viola improcera
Viola incisa
Viola incognita
Viola inconspicua
Viola indica
Viola ingolensis
Viola ircutiana
Viola irinae
Viola isaurica
Viola isopetala
Viola ivonis
Viola iwagawae
Viola jalapaensis
Viola jangiensis
Viola japonica
Viola jaubertiana - mallorcaviol
Viola javanica
Viola jeniseensis
Viola jinggangshanensis
Viola jizushanensis
Viola joergensenii
Viola johnstonii
Viola jooi - rumänsk viol
Viola jordanii
Viola kamtschadalorum
Viola kauaensis
Viola keiskei
Viola kermesina
Viola kitaibeliana
Viola kitamiana
Viola kizildaghensis
Viola kjellbergii
Viola kopaonikensis
Viola kosanensis
Viola kosaninii
Viola kunawarensis
Viola kusanoana
Viola kusnezowiana
Viola labradorica
Viola lactea
Viola lactiflora
Viola lainzii
Viola lanaiensis
Viola lanceolata
Viola langeana
Viola langloisii
Viola langsdorffii
Viola lanifera
Viola laricicola
Viola latistipula
Viola latiuscula
Viola lehmannii
Viola leyboldiana
Viola libanotica
Viola lilliputana
Viola lilloana
Viola limbarae
Viola lithion
Viola livonica
Viola llullaillacoensis
Viola lobata
Viola lologensis
Viola longipetiolata
Viola lovelliana
Viola lucens
Viola lungtungensis
Viola lutea - gulviol
Viola lyallii
Viola macloskeyi
Viola macroceras
Viola maculata
Viola magellanica
Viola magellensis
Viola magnifica
Viola majchurensis
Viola mandonii
Viola mandshurica - manchurisk viol
Viola maoershanensis
Viola marcelorosasii
Viola maroccana
Viola mauritii
Viola maviensis
Viola maximowicziana
Viola maymanica
Viola mearnsii
Viola membranacea
Viola mercurii
Viola merrilliana
Viola merxmuelleri
Viola mesadensis
Viola miaolingensis
Viola micranthella
Viola microcentra
Viola microphylla
Viola milanae
Viola minuscula
Viola minuta
Viola minutiflora
Viola mirabilis - underviol
Viola missouriensis
Viola modesta
Viola molisana
Viola mongolica
Viola montagnei
Viola montcaunica
Viola moupinensis
Viola mucronulifera
Viola muehldorfii
Viola muliensis
Viola munbyana
Viola murronensis
Viola muscoides
Viola nagasawae
Viola nana
Viola nanlingensis
Viola nannae
Viola nannei
Viola nassauvioides
Viola nebrodensis
Viola nemoralis
Viola nephrophylla
Viola niederleinii
Viola nitida
Viola nobilis
Viola novae-angliae
Viola nubigena
Viola nuda
Viola nujiangensis
Viola nummulariifolia Vill.
Viola nuttallii - gul prärieviol
Viola oahuensis
Viola oblonga
Viola obtusa
Viola occulta
Viola ocellata
Viola odontocalycina
Viola odorata - luktviol
Viola orbelica
Viola orbiculata
Viola oreades
Viola orientalis
Viola orphanidis
Viola orthoceras
Viola ovalleana
Viola ovato-oblonga
Viola oxyodontis
Viola pachyrrhiza
Viola pachysoma
Viola pacifica
Viola painteri
Viola palatina
Viola pallascaensis
Viola palmata
Viola palmensis
Viola palustris - kärrviol
Viola papuana
Viola paradoxa - madeiraviol
Viola parnonia
Viola parvula
Viola patrinii
Viola pectinata
Viola pedata - fågelviol
Viola pedatifida - prärieviol
Viola pedunculata
Viola pekinensis
Viola pendulicarpa
Viola pentadactyla
Viola perinensis
Viola perpusilla
Viola perreniformis
Viola petraea
Viola phalacrocarpa
Viola philippiana
Viola philippica
Viola phitosiana
Viola pilosa
Viola pinetorum
Viola pinnata - flikviol
Viola pitouchaoensis
Viola placida
Viola pluviae
Viola poetica
Viola polycephala
Viola polypoda
Viola portalesia
Viola portulacea
Viola praemorsa
Viola primorskajensis
Viola primulifolia
Viola principis
Viola prionantha
Viola producta
Viola pseudaetolica
Viola pseudogracilis
Viola pseudograeca
Viola pubescens
Viola pulvinata
Viola pumila - dvärgviol
Viola purpurea
Viola pusilla
Viola pusillima
Viola pygmaea
Viola pyrenaica
Viola quercetorum
Viola raddeana
Viola rafinesquei
Viola ramiflora
Viola ramosiana
Viola rauliniana
Viola rausii
Viola regina
Viola reichei
Viola reichenbachiana - lundviol
Viola renifolia
Viola replicata
Viola retusa
Viola rheophila
Viola rhodopeia
Viola rhombifolia
Viola riviniana - skogsviol
Viola roccabrunensis
Viola rodriguezii
Viola roigii
Viola rosacea
Viola rossii
Viola rossowiana
Viola rostrata
Viola rosulata
Viola rotundifolia
Viola rubella
Viola rubromarginata
Viola rudolfii
Viola rudolphii
Viola rugosa
Viola rugulosa
Viola rupestris - sandviol
Viola rupicola
Viola saccata
Viola sacchalinensis
Viola sacculus
Viola sagittata - pilviol
Viola samothracica
Viola sandrasea
Viola santiagonensis
Viola saxifraga
Viola scandens
Viola schachimardanica
Viola schariensis
Viola scorpiuroides
Viola seleriana
Viola selkirkii - skuggviol
Viola sempervirens
Viola sempervivum
Viola senzanensis
Viola septemloba
Viola septentrionalis
Viola sequeirae
Viola serpentinicola
Viola serresiana
Viola sfikasiana
Viola shaoyoukengensis
Viola sheltonii
Viola shikokiana
Viola shinchikuensis
Viola sieberiana
Viola sieboldii
Viola sieheana
Viola sikkimensis
Viola silicestris
Viola singularis
Viola sintenisii
Viola sirinica
Viola skottsbergiana
Viola somchetica
Viola sororia - fjärilsviol
Viola spathulata
Viola speciosa
Viola spegazzinii
Viola sphaerocarpa
Viola stagnina - strandviol
Viola steinbachii
Viola stewardiana
Viola stipularis
Viola stojanowii
Viola stoloniflora
Viola stoneana
Viola striata - strimviol
Viola striatella
Viola striis-notata
Viola stuebelii
Viola suavis - fagerviol
Viola subandina
Viola subasica
Viola subatlantica
Viola subdimidiata
Viola subsinuata
Viola sumatrana
Viola szetschwanensis
Viola taltalensis
Viola tanaitica
Viola tarbagataica
Viola tashiroi
Viola tectiflora
Viola tenuipes
Viola tenuissima
Viola teplouchovii
Viola teshioensis
Viola thasia
Viola thianschanica
Viola thibaudieri
Viola thomasiana
Viola thomsonii
Viola thymifolia
Viola tienschiensis
Viola tineorum
Viola tokubuchiana
Viola tomentosa
Viola tovarii
Viola triangulifolia
Viola trichopetala
Viola trichosepala
Viola tricolor - styvmorsviol
Viola tridentata
Viola triflabellata
Viola trinervata
Viola tripartita
Viola trochlearis
Viola truncata
Viola tucumanensis
Viola turkestanica
Viola turritella
Viola ucriana
Viola uliginosa - sumpviol
Viola umbraticola
Viola umphangensis
Viola uniflora
Viola uniquissima
Viola unwinii
Viola urophylla
Viola utahensis
Viola utchinensis
Viola vadimii
Viola vaginata
Viola valderia
Viola vallenarensis
Viola vallicola
Viola vanroyenii
Viola variegata
Viola vectoris
Viola velutina
Viola veronicifolia
Viola viarum
Viola villosa
Viola violacea
Viola vittata
Viola volcanica
Viola voliotisii
Viola vorobievii
Viola vourinensis
Viola vulturis
Viola wailenalenae
Viola wallichiana
Viola walteri
Viola wansanensis
Viola weberbaueri
Viola websteri
Viola weibelii
Viola willkommii
Viola woosanensis
Viola woroschilovii
Viola wulingensis
Viola xanthopotamica
Viola yazawana
Viola yezoensis
Viola yildirimlii
Viola yunnanensis
Viola yunnanfuensis
Viola yuzufelensis

Hybrider

Viola × adulterina
Viola × albimaritima
Viola × albovii
Viola × awagatakensis
Viola × bachtschisaraensis
Viola × bavarica
Viola × bissellii
Viola × blaxlandiae
Viola × braunii
Viola × burnatii
Viola × chrysantha
Viola × conjugens
Viola × consobrina
Viola × consocia
Viola × contempta
Viola × cooperrideri
Viola × cordifolia
Viola × davisii
Viola × doii
Viola × eclipes
Viola × eizasieboldii
Viola × fennica
Viola × filicetorum
Viola × fujisanensis
Viola × ganeschinii
Viola × gotlandica
Viola × greatrexii
Viola × grubovii
Viola × halacsyana
Viola × haynaldii
Viola × heterocarpa
Viola × hirtiformis
Viola × hollickii
Viola × hungarica
Viola × hyrcanica
Viola × ibukiana
Viola × igoschinae
Viola × incissecta
Viola × insessa
Viola × insolita
Viola × interjecta
Viola × intersita
Viola × iselensis
Viola × jagellonica
Viola × jindoensis
Viola × joannis-wagneri
Viola × josephii
Viola × juzepczukii
Viola × karakulensis
Viola × kerneri
Viola × kisoana
Viola × klingeana
Viola × kozo-poljanskii
Viola × krascheninnikoviorum
Viola × lacmonica
Viola × litoralis
Viola × luciae
Viola × lutzii
Viola × malteana
Viola × markgrafii
Viola × matczkasensis
Viola × melissifolia
Viola × menitzkii
Viola × militaris
Viola × mixta
Viola × mollicula
Viola × mulfordiae
Viola × najadum
Viola × napae
Viola × neglectiformis
Viola × nikitinii
Viola × notabilis
Viola × obtusoacuminata
Viola × obtusogrypoceras
Viola × ogawae
Viola × okuharae
Viola × olimpia
Viola × perplexa
Viola × pluricaulis
Viola × poelliana
Viola × polysecta
Viola × popovae
Viola × populifolia
Viola × porphyrea
Viola × porteriana
Viola × pseudomakinoi
Viola × pynzarii
Viola × raunsiensis
Viola × redacta
Viola × reschetnikovae
Viola × ritschliana
Viola × robinsoniana
Viola × rupestriformis
Viola × savatieri
Viola × scabra
Viola × schauloi
Viola × semseyana
Viola × sermenika
Viola × skofitziana
Viola × subaffinis
Viola × sublanceolata
Viola × sukaczewii
Viola × taradakensis
Viola × tigirekica
Viola × torslundensis
Viola × tuvinica
Viola × tzvelevii
Viola × uechtritziana
Viola × viatkensis
Viola × villaquensis
Viola × vilnaensis
Viola × vindobonensis
Viola × wilczekiana
Viola × wilhelmii
Viola × wilibaldii
Viola × wittrockiana - pensé
Viola × wujekii
Viola × yurii
Viola × zophodes
Viola × zwienenii

Referenser

  • Mabberley, D. J.: Mabberley's plant-book: a portable dictionary of plants, their classification and uses, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK 2008 (eng). ISBN 978-0-521-82071-4 (hardback). Libris. 
  • Burnie Geoff: Botanica: illustrerat botaniskt lexikon med över 10000 trädgårdsväxter inklusive odlingsråd, Könemann, Köln 2000 (swe). ISBN 3-8290-4718-5 (inb.). Libris. 
  • * POWO. "Plants of the World Online". Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet; http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ Retrieved 2022-07-08.
  • SKUD, Svensk kulturväxtdatabas (SLU) - violsläktet - https://skud.slu.se/nav/taxa - I tryckt form: Aldén, Björn; Ryman, Svengunnar; Hjertson, Mats Våra kulturväxters namn: ursprung och användning. Formas, Stockholm, 2009. ISBN 978-91-540-6026-9